Footnote 2:According to this source from UMass (and a few Chinese articles), soil water potential is a measure of how much energy it would take to draw water out from the soil. In other words, it's a measurement of how much work the water will need to do in order to leave the soil. It's usually measured in bars (unit of pressure, 1 bar = 100kPa [kilopascals]).
The greater the potential, the more work is needed to draw the water out, aka the drier the soil. A soil water potential of 0 means the water does not need to do any work and is willing to be drawn out; this, then, means that the soil is completely saturated with water. From what I understand (aka this Chinese source), China may use negative numbers to indicate soil water potential? Either way, I'll speak of it in positive numbers so it's easier to understand. (Interestingly, this source gives positive numbers, so I'm not sure what the proper notation is anymore lol.) Normal plants grow with a soil water potential of 0 to 15 bars (again, 0 being the wettest and 15 being the driest). When Luo Fengcheng says that 'normal underground water cannot cause this amount of potential', the original sentence was smth like 'normal underground water cannot potential that's this high', possibly owing to the fact that China could use negative numbers to indicate potential (and -3 is pretty close to zero, aka 'high'). Either way, he means that the soil here is very wet, and I translated it vaguely on purpose because notation differences suck ass. Tl;dr: Luo Fengcheng means that the soil in this place is so wet that normal underground water could not have caused it, which means that they must be near a legit source of water. Wow, physics ( ´ ∀ `)ノ~ ♡ (jk jk this is more environmental science/agriculture).
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